Korea's Ginseng Market

/root - IMG_1040, originally uploaded by jeroen020.

The Latin name for the ginseng plant is Panax which means "all-heal." Carl Linnaeus, the man responsible for all those Latin names, had heard about the reported healing attributes of ginseng as the Chinese applied it. Since then the plant has become a staple of the alternative-medicine market. Ginseng boosters claim that the plant is effective against conditions as diverse as diabetes, male impotence, allergies, and cancer.

Because the actual chemical components of the ginseng plant cannot be patented for pharmaceutical purposes not much quantitative research has been preformed on its effects. Nevertheless many people in the East and West believe in the healing effects of ginseng. Some extremely wealthy Koreans are willing to pay many thousands of dollars for rare, wild ginseng plants.

The New York Times just reported that a 8.3 ounce ginseng plant sold for $65,000. The person who discovered the Lexus-of-plants claimed to have a spiritual experience before finding the plant on Mt. Sobaek, seeing "three pillars of fire." The struggling South Korean economy has driven many people into the mountains searching for the elusive root-plants.

The picture above is of Namdaemon market in Seoul, South Korea. Ginseng roots are preserved in jars and left on display for the market's patrons.

Seven (Several) Seas

One of the categories of Anna Sova's online color pallets (for wall finishes) is called "7/10 of the planet." The description goes on to list the seven seas of classical antiquity:

• Red Sea
• Mediterranean Sea
• Persian Gulf
• Black Sea
• Adriatic Sea
• Caspian Sea
• Indian Ocean

Curious about which cartographer coined the term I started to do some research. While I'm not trying to criticize the marketing staff at Anna Sova (who, in my opinion, have done a fantastic job of cataloging their many color options!) they might be a bit off about their listing.

At least four ancient nations described "seven seas," Hindus, Chinese, Persians, and Romans all called various bodies of water by this ambiguous name. The Romans dubbed the seven salty lagoons surrounding Venice such; the Hindus used it for the Punjab River; the Persians did the same for the Oxus River. This begs the question: why always seven?

Seven is held up as a sacred number by people around the world. There are seven days in a week, seven deadly sins, seven wonders of the world, seven "naked eye" solar bodies. Some people even suggest that seven is analogous to several: the use of the number seven might be a way of acknowledging the vast and unpredictable nature of water.

Rudyard Kipling might be responsible for the modern usage of the term. In 1896 he titled a collection of poems The Seven Seas. Nevertheless, modern attempts to mold the oceans of the world to the number seven seem contrived (dividing the Atlantic Pacific into North and South, for instance).

The Polar Bear Memorial

Уехать за горизонт, originally uploaded by Mothlike.

You won't find it in Arkhangelsk, the location of the "campaign." It's in Troy, Michigan, a suburb of Detroit. Allied commanders decided to deploy soldiers to Arkhangelsk after the conclusion of World War I. Their justification for this superbly dumb expedition was to defeat the Bolshevik armies and rejoin with the Czech Legion.

Fifteen hundred infantrymen from Michigan and Wisconsin were sent to fight over some of the coldest and most inhospitable terrain in the Northern Hemisphere. They joined an additional thirty five hundred British and French soldiers along the Murmansk coast; facing the White Sea and the Arctic Ocean. Their mission proved to be futile and directionless. Extreme cold, a shortage of supplies and the Spanish Flu combined with their unclear objectives deteriorated the troops morale.

After several public calls to bring "Detroit's Own" back home Woodrow Wilson (and the other Allied commanders) decided to pull the plug on the "Polar Bear Expedition." By the early summer of 1919 the soldiers began to return. It would take another ten years for the Russians to return the remains of the American dead. The Polar Bear Memorial in Troy has a quote from Stephen Decatur engraved on its base: "Our Country, in her intercourse with foreign nations, may she always be in the right; but our Country, right or wrong."

The Great Lake of Cambodia

Reflection of living, originally uploaded by siggito.

High in the Chinese Himalayas the Mekong River begins its long journey to the sea. Parts of the river are strongly affected by the tropical climates of Southeast Asia. Melting snow combined with monsoons bring the river and its tributaries far beyond their dry season banks.

In Cambodia this torrential rain reverses the Mekong's flow. The water fills in the Tonlé Sap, or "Great Lake." During the dry season the small, marshy basin is at most around 3 feet deep. At the peak of the wet season the lake grows to six times its surface area and over sixty feet deep.

Less ingenious people might think of this region as uninhabitable. Cambodians, however, have built homes, businesses, churches and whole towns in the Tonlé Sap area. The house pictured above is designed to float with the rising waters. Other buildings are built on tall stilts (some over 30 feet tall).

Furthermore, the Tonlé Sap is a critical part of the region's economy. The lake/river water is ideal for fish breeding. Cambodians harvest shrimp, riel, and many other kinds of seafood from the pulsing lake.

City on Fire

Urbanity, originally uploaded by Piax.

Last Summer the conflict along the Israel-Lebanon border drew the world's attention. Hezbollah militants provoked Israel into launching a full scale war against its northern neighbor. Unexploded cluster bombs in southern Lebanon remain after the month-long war. These places remain abandoned for fear of unexpected detonations.

Although most of the fighting took place near the border, Lebanon's largest city and capital was also bombed by Israeli forces. The ancient city that modern Beirut is built over was poorly understood until archaeologists returned following Lebanon's 15 year civil war. They uncovered layers of Ottoman, Roman, Phoenician, and Hellenistic civilizations.

How did we get here?

Which of these is closer to reality? Which is more fun to watch?

Magic Highway USA (Distribution)
Uploaded by donaldtheduckie

I can't give you the answers. You have to decide for yourself. Via Great Lakes Guy and Paleo Future
.

America's Moving Adventure

Fly Fishing, originally uploaded by champy1013.

I love U-Haul's slogan for its ambiguity. The reference to moving either implies hauling your junk across the country in an automobile or trailer or being emotionally moved by some unnamed force.

I will be on the move next week so posting will be light. Above is a picture of where I'm moving: Ithaca, New York.

Yes, it's very gouda!

Market Square, Woerden, originally uploaded by groggy doggy.

Of the four cheese markets in the Netherlands only the one in Woerden is authentic. Here, dairy farmers who produce cheese set the sale price with a market foreman (marktmeester) in an open setting. The other three cheese markets (kaasmarkt) are historical reproductions for tourists. They are located in the cities of Alkmaar, Edam, and Gouda.

The Gouda you find at the grocery store did not come from Gouda in the Netherlands unless it says "Noord-Hollandse Gouda." The European Union has strict standards on how place names are used on food labels. Strangely, the city of Gouda is not located in North (Noord) Holland, but South Holland - somebody should alert the PDO/PGI/TSG.

Buried Treasure, c. 1914

DSC_2153, originally uploaded by ichimusai.

Southern Europe is cited in countless history books as the fuse that ignited World War I. Macedonia (also called F.Y.R.O.M.) was under the control of the Central Powers during the war. The French army fought throughout the area. Joined by British and Serbian forces they attempted to repel Austrian, German and Bulgarian armies.

Fifteen years ago a farmer near Gradesnica (a town in Novaci, Macedonia) happened upon some old glass bottles. According to the Independent,

The cases appear to be dotted all over Gradesnica, like bones buried by dogs. One cache was unearthed by farmers plowing their fields. Two more were found when a glint of metal in the sand of an old trench caught one farmer's eye.

The cases were filled with wines and cognacs from World War I. French connoisseurs are paying enormous sums for these rare and spectacular bottles of cognac (the wine has gone bad, apparently). A bottle was recently sold for 5,000 euros. (via Chow)

Macedonia is negotiating for the use of its name. The dispute between Greek Macedonians and ethnic Macedonians ignites passions but doesn't generally affect the commerce and cooperation between the two nations. Greek Macedonians want to keep the name "Macedonia" for their provinces which go by the same name. They believe that it would be incorrect to allow Slavic Macedonians the exclusive use of the name. The Greeks want their neighbor to be called the Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia (FYROM). The dispute is in negotiation through the United Nations.

The city pictured above is the capital of Macedonia (FYROM), Skopje. Greeks use this name to refer to the entire nation in order to avoid confusion with their Macedonian province. Linguists would say that the Greeks are using a "metonym."

Iran in Pictures

Yazd, panoràmica (2), originally uploaded by Sebastià Giralt.

The infamous autocratic regime running the Iranian government would like to have a total monopoly on photography. Nevertheless, last month the Iranian Flickr group celebrated their one-year anniversary. In spite of the national internet provider blocking flickr.com, these dedicated Iranians have been posting pictures of their nation for thirteen months now.

The city pictured here is called Yzad. Around a half-million people call this Central-Asian city home. Yzad is named after a Sasanian King who ruled in the beginning of the 5th century. Yazdegerd I, as he was called, was apparently a terrible leader, one account says this of him,

When he consolidated his power, he so greatly belittled the nobility oppressed the weak and shed so much blood that his subjects prayed to God to end his tyranny. He earned the epithet "the Sinner"

In the current asymmetrical, image-centric conflict, Iran's citizens might be gaining an upper-hand. Recently created webpages claiming to show Iran have "gone viral" in attempts to show what Iran really looks like.

Check the previous Toponymy post on The Fire Temple or Agiary to learn more about Zoroastrianism and the religious history of Central-Asia.